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| Rossato,Janine I.; Zinn,Carolina G.; Furini,Cristiane; Bevilaqua,Lia R.M.; Medina,Jorge H.; Cammarota,Martín; Izquierdo,Iván. |
| Two major memory systems have been recognized over the years (Squire 1987): the declarative memory system, which is under the control of the hippocampus and related temporal lobe structures, and the procedural or habit memory system, which is under the control of the striatum and its connections. Most if not all learning tasks studied in animals, however, involve either the performance or the suppression of movement; this, if learned well, may be viewed as having become a habit. It is agreed that memory rules change from their first association to those that take place when the task is mastered. Does this change of rules involve a switch from one memory system to another? Here we will comment on: 1) reversal learning in the Morris water maze (MWM), in... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Hippocampus; Striatum; Declarative memory; Procedural memory; Habits; Learning. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000300011 |
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| Thomsen, Dana C; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; dthomsen@usc.edu.au; Smith, Timothy F; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; tim.smith@usc.edu.au; Keys, Noni; Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast; nkeys@usc.edu.au. |
| Adaptation is a key feature of sustainable social–ecological systems. As societies traverse various temporal and spatial scales, they are exposed to differing contexts and precursors for adaptation. A cursory view of the response to these differing contexts and precursors suggests the particular ability of persistent societies to adapt to changing circumstances. Yet a closer examination into the meaning of adaptation and its relationship to concepts of resilience, vulnerability, and sustainability illustrates that, in many cases, societies actually manipulate their social–ecological contexts rather than adapt to them. It could be argued that manipulative behaviors are a subset of a broader suite of adaptive behaviors; however, this... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Learning; Manipulation; Path dependency; Resilience. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Munaretto, Stefania; University IUAV of Venice, Faculty of Urban and Regional Planning, Venice, Italy; VU University - Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam, Netherlands; stefania.munaretto@ivm.vu.nl; Huitema, Dave; VU University - Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Amsterdam, Netherlands; dave.huitema@ivm.vu.nl. |
| Adaptive comanagement (ACM) is often suggested as a way of handling the modern challenges of environmental governance, which include uncertainty and complexity. ACM is a novel combination of the learning dimension of adaptive management and the linkage dimension of comanagement. As has been suggested, there is a need for more insight on enabling policy environments for ACM success and failure. Picking up on this agenda we provide a case study of the world famous Venice lagoon in Italy. We address the following questions: first, to what extent are four institutional prescriptions typically associated with ACM currently practiced in the Venice system? Second, to what extent is learning taking place in the Venice system? Third, how is learning related to the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptiveness; Comanagement; Governance; Institutions; Learning; Venice lagoon. |
| Ano: 2012 |
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| Biggs, Duan; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville Australia; ancientantwren@gmail.com; Biggs, Reinette (Oonsie); Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden; oonsie.biggs@stockholmresilience.su.se; Dakos, Vasilis; Department of Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management, Wageningen University; vasileios.dakos@wur.nl; Scholes, Robert J; CSIR Natural Resources and the Environment, Pretoria, South Africa; BScholes@csir.co.za; Schoon, Michael; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; Michael.Schoon@asu.edu. |
| An increase in the frequency and intensity of environmental crises associated with accelerating human-induced global change is of substantial concern to policy makers. The potential impacts, especially on the poor, are exacerbated in an increasingly connected world that enables the emergence of crises that are coupled in time and space. We discuss two factors that can interact to contribute to such an increased concatenation of crises: (1) the increasing strength of global vs. local drivers of change, so that changes become increasingly synchronized; and (2) unprecedented potential for the propagation of crises, and an enhanced risk of management interventions in one region becoming drivers elsewhere, because of increased connectivity. We discuss the... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight |
Palavras-chave: Concatenation; Connectivity; Crisis; Disaster; Food price crisis; Governance; Learning; Thresholds. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| ROMAGUERA,FERNANDA; MATTIOLI,ROSANA. |
| This work investigated the effect of the Hj receptor blockade in the forebrain of ablated Carassius auratus in a simple stimulus-response learning task using a T-maze test with positive reinforcement. The goldfish were submitted to surgery for removal of both telencephalic lobes five days before beginning the experiment. A T-shaped glass aquarium was employed, with two feeders located at the extremities of the long arm. One of the two feeders was blocked. The experimental triáis were performed in nine consecutive days. Each fish was individually placed in the short arm and confined there for thirty seconds, then it was allowed to swim through the aquarium to search for food for ten minutes (máximum period). Time to find food was analysed in seconds.... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Histamine; Learning; Teleost fish; Telencephalon. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000300010 |
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| Adams, Jonathan; The Nature Conservancy; jadams@tnc.org; Brugger, Carrie; ; cbrugger@tnc.org; Ding, Yi-Lun; ; yding@tnc.org; Flores, Marlon; ; mflores@tnc.org. |
| ConserveOnline and Fortaleza are Internet libraries of conservation science, practice, and institutional development. Open to anyone with relevant conservation data or experience, these libraries are designed to foster sharing successes and failures across a broad community of conservation practitioners, from academic researchers to conservation organizations to government agencies. The partners in these efforts, who include The Nature Conservancy, the Society for Conservation Biology, and NatureServe, as well as non-governmental organizations in Latin America and the Caribbean, hope to use the strengths of Internet communication to foster organizations that learn and adapt, and to build on the wealth of accumulated experience by providing accessible and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Conservation practitioners; ConserveOnline; Fortaleza; Internet; Knowledge sharing; Learning; Library. |
| Ano: 2002 |
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| Ojeda Lopez, Ruth Noemi; Mul Encalada, Jennifer; Lopez Canto, Leonor Elena; Jimenez Diez, Olivia. |
| The present study research identified the level of social capital in a small enterprise and its impact in the company itself. In Latin America, the importance of this concept lies in its relevance because diverse disciplines uses it as a reference setting, today it is used not only as part of political science and sociology, but also as part of the organization theory, economics, human behavior and management. It put emphasis in the relationships among people, among organizations and not in the individuals as isolated subjects. One of its advantages is that the social capital can contribute in the analysis of the small local communities from a social perspective and economical development. Because of the nature of the data handled in this study a... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Small enterprise; Social development; Network; Learning; Knowledge generation and innovation.; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93909 |
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| Callow, Mark N.; Gobius, N.; Hetherington, G.. |
| Milk producers in northern Australia are attempting to make rapid adjustments to production systems that enable them to compete in a newly deregulated market, although there is uncertainty about how to do this. Through industry consultation and expert review a process was developed to identify production systems that may be capable of supporting economic targets of 10% return on assets and 600,000 L milk/labour unit. A broadly based project team in terms of disciplines then used this process to identify five production systems which were each applicable to substantial numbers of current milk producers. These were modelled using whole farm economic analyses and annual feed planning, using an iterative process over an extended period, to determine the... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Farmers; Learning; Farm management education; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123138 |
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| Angelucci,M.E.M.; Cesário,C.; Hiroi,R.H.; Rosalen,P.L.; Cunha,C. Da. |
| We studied some of the characteristics of the improving effect of the non-specific adenosine receptor antagonist, caffeine, using an animal model of learning and memory. Groups of 12 adult male Wistar rats receiving caffeine (0.3-30 mg/kg, ip, in 0.1 ml/100 g body weight) administered 30 min before training, immediately after training, or 30 min before the test session were tested in the spatial version of the Morris water maze task. Post-training administration of caffeine improved memory retention at the doses of 0.3-10 mg/kg (the rats swam up to 600 cm less to find the platform in the test session, P<=0.05) but not at the dose of 30 mg/kg. Pre-test caffeine administration also caused a small increase in memory retrieval (the escape path of the rats... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Memory; Learning; Caffeine; Methylxanthines; Adenosine receptor antagonist; Morris water maze. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001000013 |
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| Fontanelli, Giovana Pires de Campos; Orçati, Grazielle Saes; Marin, Daniela Soares; Teixeira, Priscila Sayuri Kavano; Ciancio, Ricardo; Ugolini, Roberto Vinicius; Foz Filho, Roberto Pimenta de Pádua; dos Santos, Flávio Augusto Marques; de Silvio, Maurício Melo. |
| The search for learning, based on the development of professional competencies in a global context, and the different ways students react to different teaching techniques in continuing education, requires universities to change and innovate (including new methods) in order to develop professionals who are able to exercise their calling in a changing and competitive scenario. This study innovates by creating access for veterinary students (via the Web) to the body of veterinary morphology work, including body painting, images of resin animals, games, quizzes, video classes, and the association of anatomy with radiographic images. Preliminary results indicate that material presented in this way increases interest, thus stimulating integrated and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Morphology; Electronic media; Didactic method; Teaching; Learning; Alternative methodology morfologia; Mídia eletrônica; Método didático; Ensino; Aprendizagem; Metodologia alternativa. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/28127 |
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